Subhash Chander Bose desired Dictatorship after Independence

Recently the allegations of spying upon the relatives of Subhash Chander Bose after the Independence of India were leveled against Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India.

Subhash Chander Bose

These allegations gave an opportunity to some political parties including BJP and RSS who find a conspiracy in every good thing that, in reality, Bose was more patriot than Nehru.

Every day someone from somewhere claims that whatever unfortunate happened with Bose and how Nehru was responsible for it. Any word or thought coming against this misconception and propaganda and in defense of Nehru is immediately termed as anti-national and treason. It is all a conspiracy to denigrate Nehru.

But the fans and self-styled champions of patriotism of Bose forget and avoid the treaties and alliances of Bose with Germany and Japan.

A book “Indian Struggle” was written and published by Bose in 1935 in England. Here Bose wrote that “India needs a political system which should have a blend of Fascism and Socialism. He termed it Communism.

Bose traveled to Rome in 1935 to present a copy of his book to Mussolini, the dictator of Italy. Being a great admirer of Mussolini, Bose always cherished to follow the ideals of the dictator throughout his life.

Bose had the reactionary temperament and that is why he could not pull on with the peace-loving leaders like Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru. But his clash with the two Indian leaders of freedom movement did not begin in 1935. It all had started much earlier.

Bose organized the annual conference of Indian National Congress in 1928 at Calcutta. There during the Conference, he conducted a full Guard of Honor in complete military style with more than 2000 volunteers. Some of the volunteers were in the officers’ dress having metal badges on their shoulders. For himself, Bose got a uniform in the style of a British military official stitched by a British company operating from Calcutta. Bose was carrying the baton of Field Marshal. This made the Congress Conference more dramatic and less political.  

Tobacco Globally Kills 7 Million per Year

About 7 Million people die in the world every year due to the use of tobacco products.

Cigarette
Wikimedia Commons by  Lindsay Fox

A recent WHO report revealed that more than 3 Million people have become the patients of heart diseases and paralysis due to tobacco.

The report further said that the people die due to the diseases triggered by smoking. But the passive smokers also die due to tobacco smoke.

The numbers of such deaths due to passive smoking is 890,000 per year.

The WHO proposed a resolution to create awareness among people about the dangers of smoking in 2005. This resolution has been approved by 180 countries, which proposed a ban on the advertisements and sponsorships by tobacco products.

Douglas Batcher, the Director of Non- Contagious diseases in WHO said that this mission has fetched encouraging results. In 2000, about 30% of the world population used tobacco products, while this ratio has come down to 20 % in 2016.

He said that much is required to be done in this field. The problem is arising in medium and low-income group countries. Here the tobacco lobby is so powerful that they can use any means to advertise their tobacco products. The main targets of these Companies are the younger generation, for whom even the prices are brought down.

Most of the people who die every year due to tobacco are aware of the fact that tobacco is the chief cause of cancer.

The total number of the people using tobacco in the world is 110 Million. Out of these 30.7 Million are in China and 10.7 Million in India.  

ISRO to Bring Helium from Moon

Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is going to find the possibilities to mine Helium-3 on the southern end of the Moon, to meet its energy requirements.

Rising Earth view by Apollo 8 astronauts from behind the Moon
Apollo 8 crewmember Bill Anders

Several Space Organizations of the world in private and public sector are showing mining interests on the surface of the moon. They are finding the possibilities to store Helium-3 and the water available on the Moon until a reactor is built there. The ISRO sources revealed that India is fully ready for the project and not only wants to be a part of this process but also desires to lead the mission.  

ISRO is likely to launch a Rover and Probe Mission in October 2018, to collect the samples of soil and sand on the unexplored areas of the Moon. These samples would be subjected to detailed analysis and research back home.

The present Indian Mission is much cheaper than the similar project undertaken by NASA. He total cost of the Indian Project is merely 800 Crore in Indian Rupees or approximately $ 11.5 Million.

Without any protection, the surface of the Moon is believed to be absorbing Helium for millions of years.

The experts are of the view that the present quantity of Helium-3 on the Moon is sufficient to meet the global energy needs for 250 years.

What is Helium-3

The presence of Helium-3 on the surface of the Moon was declared by the eminent geologist Harrison Shimet in 1972, after the return of Apollo 17 Mission from the Moon.

Helium-3 is a clean and precious fuel for nuclear reactions. It could not be found on earth. The sufficient amount of mining of Helium-3 from the Moon and the cheap transportation of the same to earth could be an attractive alternative for nuclear reactors. 

Discovery of Oldest Color in the World

In the available geological records so far, the scientists have discovered the oldest color in the world. This 110 Million years old bright pink color has been found in rocks of the depths of Sahara desert.     

West African Basins
Wikimedia Commons by Aymatth2

                                    
Noor Guaneli, a researcher in the National University of Australia revealed that this color was taken from the black sea rocks of the largest sedimentary Taoudeni basin of Mauritania in Western Africa. This color is 50 Million years older than the earlier discovered color in the world.                                                               
Noor told that this bright pink color is the molecular fossil of chlorophyll. This chlorophyll was produced by the photosynthetic organisms found under the sea. But this color remained there for long ages after the extinction of these organisms.      
                                  
According to the research published in a magazine, the colors in the fossils ranged from deep red to violet, and they were present in rich amounts. But a bright pink color was obtained when these colors were made thin by dissolving them in liquid.  

Noor said that the analysis of ancient color patterns confirmed that about 100 million years ago the small cyanobacteria’s in the sea were the basis of the food chain in the sea.                    
This discovery helped to know why the animals did not exist at the time.

Save Vulture Project in Himachal Pradesh

The vultures are the scavengers of nature.  The Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug or NSAID veterinary drugs called diclofenac as given to the domestic animals have contributed to almost the complete extinction of several species of vultures. Another drug meloxicam has been found to be harmless to vultures and is an acceptable substitute for diclofenac.

White Rumped Vultures
Wikimedia Commons by UdayKiran28

At present, the species of vultures have not been found in any other district of Himachal Pradesh except Kangra. But a few years ago the vultures were found in all the districts of Himachal Pradesh. The vultures were found to assemble after the death of any animal. But now the environment remains polluted for several days after the death of animals. The Wildlife Department has decided to increase the numbers of vultures for the sake of the environment.

Avoiding the major part of the landmass of India, the vultures have made Himachal Pradesh as their favorite dwelling place. The vultures prefer the peaceful climate of the region.

There are a total of 16 species of vultures in the world. Out of 9 species of vultures found in India, eight species are found in Himachal Pradesh. Only one species of vultures are not found in Himachal Pradesh.

Out of eight species of vultures found in Himachal Pradesh only the existence of one is endangered in the state. The Wildlife Authorities of Himachal are trying hard to conserve this endangered species.

There are 9 species of vultures in India as follows.

1. White-Rumped Vulture -Gyps Bengalensis

2. Egyptian Vulture -Neophron Percnopterus

3. Cinereous Vulture- Aegypius Monachus

4. Griffon Vulture- Gyps Fulvus

5. Slender-Billed Vulture -Gyps Tenuirostris

6. Himalayan Vulture -Gyps Himalayensis

7. Red-Headed Vulture -Sarcogyps Calvus

8. Indian Vulture - Gyps Indicus

9. Bearded Vulture -Gypaetus Barbatus 

All species except the Bearded Vulture are found in Himachal Pradesh.

Endangered Species in Himachal Pradesh

Before 2003, only a few numbers of vultures were found in Himachal Pradesh. The Wildlife Department has recently started the census of vultures in Himachal Pradesh. A decrease in the numbers of the species of White Rumped Vultures has been reported by authorities and it has been declared as an endangered species.

The diclofenac drug given to domestic animals was the reason for almost complete annihilation of the species of vultures. This drug was banned in 2004, but till then the species of White Rumped Vultures have reached the verge of extinction. These species survive on the carcass of dead animals only.

The evidence of its existence has been found in Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh when few nests of this species were found there. Except for Kangra region, these species have not been found in other places of Himachal Pradesh.

The discovery of the nests has raised hopes of its conservation. These nests have raised a hope that the number of this endangered species could be increased. The chicks were protected in these nests and now their numbers increasing.

Now the wildlife authorities are working on a long-term specific plan to conserve and protect this endangered species.

As per reports, there are 365 nests of White Rumped species in Kangra district. Out of these nests, there are 313 nests which contain chicks of vultures. As per census records of the Wildlife Department, there were just 24 such nests in 2004. But now the number has drastically increased due to the efforts of the authorities as they took care of these nests and the results are encouraging. There is a likelihood that the numbers of nests will increase in the coming years.

Census in Chamba

The Chamba district in Himachal Pradesh is another region where vulture conservation has taken palace. The Kinnaur district is also going to be another protection destination. With the help of field staff, the authorities are conducting the census of vultures in the wild regions of Chamba.

The cutting of trees would be banned in those forest regions where the nests of vultures are found.

New Plans and Proposals to Protect Vultures

The possibility of the presence of several species of vultures in the forests of Jammu & Kashmir, Nepal and Uttrakhand has been claimed by the wildlife authorities. It has been found that most of the times, the vultures live in these forests. It would be studied that what the resources available in these forests due to which the vultures reside in these areas.

The department is now planning to track the vultures in these regions. This tracking would be done by fixing collars to the vultures. These collars would provide the details about the forest areas in which the particular vulture species prefer to reside by building their nests. 

The collars would also tell that whether the vultures of Himachal go to other regions or not.

The topography and geological conditions of such forest areas would be monitored. Thereafter the efforts would be made to recreate similar conditions in the forests of Himachal Pradesh.

Vulture Restaurants

The Wildlife Department is worried about the existence of all the 8 species found in Himachal Pradesh. Therefore the Department has decided to open vulture restaurants in different regions of Himachal Pradesh. The feeding stations would be established in all the districts of the state.

The food would be made available in these feeding stations which would be spread in an area of 1 Hectare each. These restaurants would be provided with a gate and enclosed by a wire fencing so that other carnivorous animals may not enter into the place.  The food would be put inside these feeding places through the gates.

These restaurants would be opened near the forests where the vultures reside.

A feeding station would be opened at the boundaries of for two districts as per the prevailing situations.

These restaurants would benefit the farmers and villagers too. The Department would pay them for bringing dead animals to the restaurants according to the weight of the dead carcass. It has been found that the people throw the dead animals in an open place which pollutes the environment and the water. But now the dead animals would be disposed of by the vulture restaurants.

The owner of the dead animal would have to inform the Wildlife authorities to get the carcass disposed of. Then the dead body would be carried to the restaurant. At present, the feeding stations have been opened at Sukh Nulla in Jawalamukhi and Dehra in district Kangra.

The target is to provide about 500 dead animals to the vulture restaurant.

The Increasing Tribe of Vultures in Himachal Pradesh

It is good news that the tribes of Vultures, the prominent scavengers of nature are increasing in Himachal Pradesh for the second consecutive year.

The fresh surveys of the Wildlife Department of Himachal Pradesh have revealed that they have found 387 nests of White Rumped Vultures which had 352 healthy chicks. These findings have encouraged the Wildlife Wing.

Recently a survey was conducted in the Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh in which the authorities worked day and night to trace the nests of the vultures. This year the numbers of nests have increased and 31 new nests were found. Besides, the chicks of vultures have also increased this year. This year 46 more chicks were found. This survey has confirmed that the efforts to preserve the vultures are being made in the right direction.  

Now the authorities are working on a plan to further increase the number of vultures, as a few years ago the species had reached at the verge of extinction.

In 2017-18 there were only 356 nests o the White Rumped Vultures in district Kangra which had just 313 chicks in them.

In 2016-17 there were 337 nests of vultures containing 280 new born chicks.  

In 2014-15 the numbers of nests were 288 and the chicks in them were just 269.

It shows that the numbers of vultures are increasing year by year.

The Wildlife Department had identified the sites and the counting of vultures was done on these 48 sites in district Kangra.

Egyptian Vultures in Himachal Pradesh

During the present survey the authorities have found an Egyptian Species of the Vulture family. These vultures play an important role in keeping the environment clean as being at the top of the food chain they eat everything including the rotten carcass of the animals.

Diclofenac the Vulture Killer

It was found that the pain killer Diclofenac given to the domestic animals was responsible for the almost extinction of the vultures in India. This reason of the deaths of vultures was detected in the nineties of the last century. Diclofenac is given to the animals during different treatments which remained in the bodies of the animals. This led to the slow deaths of the vultures, when they consumed the dead carcass of such animals.

Crypto Currency Mining is Dangerous for Smartphones

Does your smartphone suddenly becomes slow or gets heated or its battery gets reduced without any reason. Then there is every possibility that it is being used by the hackers for the mining of cryptocurrency.  

This development is a type of cyber-attack which has been named by the experts as CRYPTOJACKING.  

Bitcoin
Wikimedia Commons by Web-dev-Chris 

According to cyber expert Zerom William, in Crypto Jacking, the mining of Crypto Currency is done by installing a malware on the internet server, personal computer or in a smartphone.

Crypto Currency is also known as Virtual Currency.

The mining of Cryptocurrency is a process of stealing the information about the trading or dealings of Cryptocurrency.

The hackers get huge payments to provide such information.

William says that the mining of virtual currencies like Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, Monero, Z Cash, Digital Note, Ardor, etc., is a profitable business. But this process is very expensive.

Crypto Mining needs large amounts of energy and increases the electricity bill. And the hackers have discovered a cheap option of energy through smartphones.

The researchers of IT Security Company ESET found that the mining of cryptocurrency Monroe was being done through Bug Smasher game. This game has been downloaded by 1.5 Million users through Google Play Store.

Crypto Jacking is very dangerous for smartphones