The news entails views and the views shape the meaning of news. The news has a different meaning for different persons at different places. Some news affects the entire humanity, while the others are localized. The news deeply influences the new events and the psyche, which in turn shapes the destiny of the people and the nations. The views about some news change from time to time, when the prejudices and the heat subside. So the views about some news should be given a gestation time.
The scientific name of Naagchatri is Trilium
Govanianum. It is also called Satua. The name Nagchatri is made of two words Nag
(snake) and Chatri (Umbrella).
This plant of Naagchatri found in the higher
regions of the state of Himachal Pradesh in India. The plant is found at a height of 2700 to 4000 meters.It is on the verge of
extinction due to over-extraction.
The scientists of IHBT Palampur
have succeeded in developing the tissue culture of the plant. The chemicals
present in the roots of this magical plant are used in several medicines. That
is why it has a great demand in the international market.
In the local market the price of
Naagchatri is 200 to 300 Rupees per kilogram. It is available for 15000 to 20 thousand
Rupees per Kilogram in the international market.
In order to save the species
from extinction, the sale of the plant is being monitored to check the
unscientific extraction.
The scientists of IHBT are
trying to develop the best species of the plant by isolating and merging the
several beneficial properties of several varieties.
At present the plant of
Naagchatri is not reared as a crop. It naturally grows in the forests. The
efforts are afoot to plant the new species in the forests.
China is the chief importer of
the plant of Naagchatri.
The chemicals present in the
roots of Naagchatri are used for making herbal tonic, proper blood circulation, stereoiods, sex hormones, and virility.
Indeed the technology has made life comfortable and convenient, but
the advent of new technologies and gadgets has caused severe damage to the health of modern man.
Mobile Phone Tower Wikimedia Commons by Joe Ravi
The unlimited use of a smartphone, computer, and wireless connection had
made us dependent on these means, but these gadgets are causing several
diseases,
The recent studies have proved that the electromagnetic radiations emanating
from smart gadgets and the cellular towers is 10% more in India as compared to
other nations.
This technology has affected the fertility power of men and women throughout
the world and more severely in India.
Married couples are commonly suffering from one or other types of fertility
problems due to the radiations of gadgets. The instances of impotency are on the
rise.
The experts have found that the prolonged use of electronic gadgets and
the close association with the radiations coming from them is very dangerous
for the capacity of fertility.
Acute encephalitis Syndrome spreads in the summer and humid season. It is also known as brain fever, Japanese fever, and is called as Chamki fever in some parts of India.
Lychees on tree
Wikimedia Commons by B. navez
Recently this fever created havoc in the state of Bihar in India. Most of the death toll was the children in the age group of 1 to 10 years. All the patients reported similar symptoms. Suddenly the blood sugar of the children dropped after the fever, which led to death. The symptoms and reasons for acute encephalitis are as follows. What is Acute Encephalitis? The problem of encephalitis is related to the brain. There are millions of cells and nerves in the brain due to which the different parts and functions of the body are controlled. The syndrome of acute encephalitis occurs when these cells and nerves get swollen. The virus of the disease reaches the body and gets mixed up with blood. Here the virus starts multiplying through breeding. This virus reaches the brain through the blood and causes swelling in the cells and nerves. This development damages the central nervous system of the body. Immediate Treatment Required It is a serious and dangerous disease, which requires immediate treatment. The delay increases the risk of death. This disease affects adults and old people too. Relation of Lychee and Brain Fever The reports revealed that in the beginning some of the children had eaten lychee fruit. Then the research was diverted towards the cause that whether the brain fever was caused by the lychee fruit. The unripe and half-ripe lychee contains the contents of Hypo-glycine A and Methelone Cyclo-propyl Glycine. The level of blood sugar goes down after remaining hungry or empty stomach for a long time. If the lychee fruit is eaten in such a condition, the blood sugar will go down further and the condition will become fatal. The Symptoms of Encephalitis The symptoms are light or heavy headache, sudden fever which does not come down, pain in entire body, nausea and vomiting, feeling of acute tiredness, sleepiness, loss of consciousness, darkness before the eyes, problem in hearing, improper functioning of brain, absurd behavior and talk, pain in back and general weakness. Safety Measures Keep the surroundings clean, properly feed the children a night, drink enough water, and don’t remain without water in hot and humid weather as dehydration also decreases the levels of blood sugar. Properly wash the fruits and vegetables before eating. Instead of taking any medicine on your own, it is advisable to immediately consult the physician. Use the face mask before going out of the house.
Google translate is the best feature, especially for those who mostly travel in foreign lands or wish to learn a new language. Google has issued a new update for the app.
Wikimedia Commons by Google Inc.
With the help of a new update on Google translate; several Indian languages could be translated into offline mode.
Besides several other features, there is a feature of camera translate option to translate from English to7 Indian Languages. The camera translate option available in 7 Indian languages includes Bengali, Gujarati, Kenned, Tamil, Marathi, Telugu and Urdu.
The users can download the files through offline translate, even when they do not have an internet connection. Instant camera translation is an extension of this feature, but in offline mode, this feature will work for English language only.
The official changelog of Google said that together with an offline translation, the camera translation will be available in translations from English to other Indian languages like Gujarati, Bengali, Kannada, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu.
The Google has fixed several bugs too.
For Android Google Translate, this update is being rolled out from the play store. You can download the APK file if you have not found this update and wish to use this feature.
Besides, Google has introduced several important changes in the design of its e-mail service. It includes an option to send the e-mails with an expiry date, in which the e-mail would get automatically deleted from the inbox after a certain duration of time.
Use the following trick, if there is the latest hardware in your computer and the signal strength is more than 512 kbps, but even then the internet is slow.
Wikimedia Commons by Google Inc.
This trick will considerably increase the speed of internet but do not expect lightning speed.
1. Go to your Desktop > right click on My Computer > Go to properties > click Hardware tab there and > then Open device Manager Option.
2. The window of Device Manager will open up > Here go to the menu of Ports (COM & LPT) > Now double click Communication Port (COMv) > then a window of “Communication port properties” will open up.
3. On “Communication port properties”, Click on port setting tab > here increase the “Bits per second” to 128000 > now set “Flow control” at Hardware option.
4. Apply all the settings and restart your computer.
It is a wonder of online earning, that an 8 years old child has become a millionaire. Last year an eight years old child earned $1.23 Million or 8 Crore Indian Rupees from YouTube.
He earned this money through a YouTube channel named Evantube HD.
This channel was started by Evan and his father 3 years ago. Here Ivan reviews new toys and video games which get launched in the market. He tells the audience during the review that which toys are suitable for a particular age of children. He speaks about the toys which will make the child more pleased.
During the review the facial expressions of Ivan, as and when he comes to see a new toy are worth watching.
More than 5.8 Million people have watched the reviews of Ivan, and he is the star of YouTube.
After the green and white revolution, India is heading toward blue revolution for the preservation of biodiversity.
Peafowl Wikimedia Commons by Jebulon
In a meeting of Agricultural Biodiversity Congress, India emphasized its own importance in geographical diversity and different climate/ environmental zones.
India has rich and diverse biodiversity. There are deserts in the West and humid climate in the East. There are the Great Himalayas in the North and deep seas in the South.
In India, there are more than 47,000 species of plant species or floraand more than 89,000 species of animals.
The total length of coastline in India is above 81,000 Km.
It is strange that global landmass in India is mere 2.5%, but it houses 17% of world population, 18% flora and fauna of the world, and has taken 6.5% of the total global biodiversity in its lap.
The challenges will increase in the future. At present, it is necessary to conduct research and give importance to agricultural biodiversity for the global food security, nutrition, health, and environmental protection.
American space agency NASA has developed a new technique. The scientists have claimed to grow the first crop at APH, the Advanced Plant Habitat.
Plant Growth Experiment Wikimedia Commons by NASA
As per reports this first crop is a small species of wheat and a flower plant Arabidopsis.
APH was established in space in 2017. The Project Director Brian Onett said that besides growing small plants, the quality of seeds could also be developed at APH. This is a big achievement of agriculture in space.
It is believed that this research would provide fine quality nutritious food to those astronauts who work on ISS missions at space for longer durations.
Both the seeds were sown at APH in February 2017. The crops were taken care of by an automatic tool Farmer, known as Plant Habitat Avionics Real Time Manager. APH has been so designed that it develops a necessary environment for the plants to grow in space.
The excessive intake of carbohydrates and sugar increase the risks of the recurrence of cancer among the patients of head or throat cancer. These risks may lead to untimely death. So it is advisable to avoid the excessive intake of carbohydrates after cancer Therapy.
Carbohydrates Wikimedia Commons by Knutux
This link of carbohydrates and sugar with cancer has recently been found in a recent research conducted by the scientists.
It was found that the risks of death increased among those patients taking excessive amounts of carbohydrates and sugar in the form of fructose, lactose, and maltose.
The research included more than 400 patients. Out of these more than 17% of the patients reported the recurrence of cancer, while 42% of them died
The Professors conduced a research at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. They found that a difference in the type and stages of cancer was more among those taking carbohydrates than those reducing the intake of it.
On the other hand, the risks of recurrence of cancer and the resultant death after the treatment becomes least with the intake of fewer fats, grains, and starch foods like potatoes.
Carbohydrates are the organic compounds that consist only of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Recently the allegations of spying upon the relatives of Subhash Chander Bose after the Independence of India were leveled against Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India.
Subhash Chander Bose
These allegations gave an opportunity to some political parties including BJP and RSS who find a conspiracy in every good thing that, in reality, Bose was more patriot than Nehru.
Every day someone from somewhere claims that whatever unfortunate happened with Bose and how Nehru was responsible for it. Any word or thought coming against this misconception and propaganda and in defense of Nehru is immediately termed as anti-national and treason. It is all a conspiracy to denigrate Nehru.
But the fans and self-styled champions of patriotism of Bose forget and avoid the treaties and alliances of Bose with Germany and Japan.
A book “Indian Struggle” was written and published by Bose in 1935 in England. Here Bose wrote that “India needs a political system which should have a blend of Fascism and Socialism. He termed it Communism.
Bose traveled to Rome in 1935 to present a copy of his book to Mussolini, the dictator of Italy. Being a great admirer of Mussolini, Bose always cherished to follow the ideals of the dictator throughout his life.
Bose had the reactionary temperament and that is why he could not pull on with the peace-loving leaders like Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru. But his clash with the two Indian leaders of freedom movement did not begin in 1935. It all had started much earlier.
Bose organized the annual conference of Indian National Congress in 1928 at Calcutta. There during the Conference, he conducted a full Guard of Honor in complete military style with more than 2000 volunteers. Some of the volunteers were in the officers’ dress having metal badges on their shoulders. For himself, Bose got a uniform in the style of a British military official stitched by a British company operating from Calcutta. Bose was carrying the baton of Field Marshal. This made the Congress Conference more dramatic and less political.
About 7 Million people die in the world every year due to the use of tobacco products.
Cigarette Wikimedia Commons by Lindsay Fox
A recent WHO report revealed that more than 3 Million people have become the patients of heart diseases and paralysis due to tobacco.
The report further said that the people die due to the diseases triggered by smoking. But the passive smokers also die due to tobacco smoke.
The numbers of such deaths due to passive smoking is 890,000 per year.
The WHO proposed a resolution to create awareness among people about the dangers of smoking in 2005. This resolution has been approved by 180 countries, which proposed a ban on the advertisements and sponsorships by tobacco products.
Douglas Batcher, the Director of Non- Contagious diseases in WHO said that this mission has fetched encouraging results. In 2000, about 30% of the world population used tobacco products, while this ratio has come down to 20 % in 2016.
He said that much is required to be done in this field. The problem is arising in medium and low-income group countries. Here the tobacco lobby is so powerful that they can use any means to advertise their tobacco products. The main targets of these Companies are the younger generation, for whom even the prices are brought down.
Most of the people who die every year due to tobacco are aware of the fact that tobacco is the chief cause of cancer.
The total number of the people using tobacco in the world is 110 Million. Out of these 30.7 Million are in China and 10.7 Million in India.
Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is going to find the possibilities to mine Helium-3 on the southern end of the Moon, to meet its energy requirements.
Rising Earth view by Apollo 8 astronauts from behind the Moon Apollo 8 crewmember Bill Anders
Several Space Organizations of the world in private and public sector are showing mining interests on the surface of the moon. They are finding the possibilities to store Helium-3 and the water available on the Moon until a reactor is built there. The ISRO sources revealed that India is fully ready for the project and not only wants to be a part of this process but also desires to lead the mission.
ISRO is likely to launch a Rover and Probe Mission in October 2018, to collect the samples of soil and sand on the unexplored areas of the Moon. These samples would be subjected to detailed analysis and research back home.
The present Indian Mission is much cheaper than the similar project undertaken by NASA. He total cost of the Indian Project is merely 800 Crore in Indian Rupees or approximately $ 11.5 Million.
Without any protection, the surface of the Moon is believed to be absorbing Helium for millions of years.
The experts are of the view that the present quantity of Helium-3 on the Moon is sufficient to meet the global energy needs for 250 years.
What is Helium-3
The presence of Helium-3 on the surface of the Moon was declared by the eminent geologist Harrison Shimet in 1972, after the return of Apollo 17 Mission from the Moon.
Helium-3 is a clean and precious fuel for nuclear reactions. It could not be found on earth. The sufficient amount of mining of Helium-3 from the Moon and the cheap transportation of the same to earth could be an attractive alternative for nuclear reactors.
In the available geological records so far, the scientists have discovered the oldest color in the world. This 110 Million years old bright pink color has been found in rocks of the depths of Sahara desert.
West African Basins Wikimedia Commons by Aymatth2
Noor Guaneli, a researcher in the National University of Australia revealed that this color was taken from the black sea rocks of the largest sedimentary Taoudeni basin of Mauritania in Western Africa. This color is 50 Million years older than the earlier discovered color in the world. Noor told that this bright pink color is the molecular fossil of chlorophyll. This chlorophyll was produced by the photosynthetic organisms found under the sea. But this color remained there for long ages after the extinction of these organisms. According to the research published in a magazine, the colors in the fossils ranged from deep red to violet, and they were present in rich amounts. But a bright pink color was obtained when these colors were made thin by dissolving them in liquid. Noor said that the analysis of ancient color patterns confirmed that about 100 million years ago the small cyanobacteria’s in the sea were the basis of the food chain in the sea. This discovery helped to know why the animals did not exist at the time.
The vultures are the scavengers of nature. The Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug or NSAID veterinary drugs called diclofenac as given to the domestic animals have contributed to almost the complete extinction of several species of vultures. Another drug meloxicam has been found to be harmless to vultures and is an acceptable substitute for diclofenac.
White Rumped Vultures Wikimedia Commons by UdayKiran28
At present, the species of vultures have not been found in any other district of Himachal Pradesh except Kangra. But a few years ago the vultures were found in all the districts of Himachal Pradesh. The vultures were found to assemble after the death of any animal. But now the environment remains polluted for several days after the death of animals. The Wildlife Department has decided to increase the numbers of vultures for the sake of the environment.
Avoiding the major part of the landmass of India, the vultures have made Himachal Pradesh as their favorite dwelling place. The vultures prefer the peaceful climate of the region.
There are a total of 16 species of vultures in the world. Out of 9 species of vultures found in India, eight species are found in Himachal Pradesh. Only one species of vultures are not found in Himachal Pradesh.
Out of eight species of vultures found in Himachal Pradesh only the existence of one is endangered in the state. The Wildlife Authorities of Himachal are trying hard to conserve this endangered species.
There are 9 species of vultures in India as follows.
1. White-Rumped Vulture -Gyps Bengalensis
2. Egyptian Vulture -Neophron Percnopterus
3. Cinereous Vulture- Aegypius Monachus
4. Griffon Vulture- Gyps Fulvus
5. Slender-Billed Vulture -Gyps Tenuirostris
6. Himalayan Vulture -Gyps Himalayensis
7. Red-Headed Vulture -Sarcogyps Calvus
8. Indian Vulture - Gyps Indicus
9. Bearded Vulture -Gypaetus Barbatus
All species except the Bearded Vulture are found in Himachal Pradesh.
Endangered Species in Himachal Pradesh
Before 2003, only a few numbers of vultures were found in Himachal Pradesh. The Wildlife Department has recently started the census of vultures in Himachal Pradesh. A decrease in the numbers of the species of White Rumped Vultures has been reported by authorities and it has been declared as an endangered species.
The diclofenac drug given to domestic animals was the reason for almost complete annihilation of the species of vultures. This drug was banned in 2004, but till then the species of White Rumped Vultures have reached the verge of extinction. These species survive on the carcass of dead animals only.
The evidence of its existence has been found in Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh when few nests of this species were found there. Except for Kangra region, these species have not been found in other places of Himachal Pradesh.
The discovery of the nests has raised hopes of its conservation. These nests have raised a hope that the number of this endangered species could be increased. The chicks were protected in these nests and now their numbers increasing.
Now the wildlife authorities are working on a long-term specific plan to conserve and protect this endangered species.
As per reports, there are 365 nests of White Rumped species in Kangra district. Out of these nests, there are 313 nests which contain chicks of vultures. As per census records of the Wildlife Department, there were just 24 such nests in 2004. But now the number has drastically increased due to the efforts of the authorities as they took care of these nests and the results are encouraging. There is a likelihood that the numbers of nests will increase in the coming years.
Census in Chamba
The Chamba district in Himachal Pradesh is another region where vulture conservation has taken palace. The Kinnaur district is also going to be another protection destination. With the help of field staff, the authorities are conducting the census of vultures in the wild regions of Chamba.
The cutting of trees would be banned in those forest regions where the nests of vultures are found.
New Plans and Proposals to Protect Vultures
The possibility of the presence of several species of vultures in the forests of Jammu & Kashmir, Nepal and Uttrakhand has been claimed by the wildlife authorities. It has been found that most of the times, the vultures live in these forests. It would be studied that what the resources available in these forests due to which the vultures reside in these areas.
The department is now planning to track the vultures in these regions. This tracking would be done by fixing collars to the vultures. These collars would provide the details about the forest areas in which the particular vulture species prefer to reside by building their nests.
The collars would also tell that whether the vultures of Himachal go to other regions or not.
The topography and geological conditions of such forest areas would be monitored. Thereafter the efforts would be made to recreate similar conditions in the forests of Himachal Pradesh.
Vulture Restaurants
The Wildlife Department is worried about the existence of all the 8 species found in Himachal Pradesh. Therefore the Department has decided to open vulture restaurants in different regions of Himachal Pradesh. The feeding stations would be established in all the districts of the state.
The food would be made available in these feeding stations which would be spread in an area of 1 Hectare each. These restaurants would be provided with a gate and enclosed by a wire fencing so that other carnivorous animals may not enter into the place. The food would be put inside these feeding places through the gates.
These restaurants would be opened near the forests where the vultures reside.
A feeding station would be opened at the boundaries of for two districts as per the prevailing situations.
These restaurants would benefit the farmers and villagers too. The Department would pay them for bringing dead animals to the restaurants according to the weight of the dead carcass. It has been found that the people throw the dead animals in an open place which pollutes the environment and the water. But now the dead animals would be disposed of by the vulture restaurants.
The owner of the dead animal would have to inform the Wildlife authorities to get the carcass disposed of. Then the dead body would be carried to the restaurant. At present, the feeding stations have been opened at Sukh Nulla in Jawalamukhi and Dehra in district Kangra.
The target is to provide about 500 dead animals to the vulture restaurant.
The Increasing Tribe of Vultures in Himachal Pradesh
It is good news that the tribes of Vultures, the prominent
scavengers of nature are increasing in Himachal Pradesh for the second
consecutive year.
The fresh surveys of the Wildlife Department of Himachal
Pradesh have revealed that they have found 387 nests of White Rumped Vultures
which had 352 healthy chicks. These findings have encouraged the Wildlife Wing.
Recently a survey was conducted in the Kangra district of
Himachal Pradesh in which the authorities worked day and night to trace the nests
of the vultures. This year the numbers of nests have increased and 31 new nests
were found. Besides, the chicks of vultures have also increased this year. This
year 46 more chicks were found. This survey has confirmed that the efforts to
preserve the vultures are being made in the right direction.
Now the authorities are working on a plan to further increase
the number of vultures, as a few years ago the species had reached at the verge
of extinction.
In 2017-18 there were only 356 nests o the White Rumped
Vultures in district Kangra which had just 313 chicks in them.
In 2016-17 there were 337 nests of vultures containing 280
new born chicks.
In 2014-15 the numbers of nests were 288 and the chicks in
them were just 269.
It shows that the numbers of vultures are increasing year by
year.
The Wildlife Department had identified the sites and the counting
of vultures was done on these 48 sites in district Kangra.
Egyptian Vultures in Himachal Pradesh
During the present survey the authorities have found an
Egyptian Species of the Vulture family. These vultures play an important role
in keeping the environment clean as being at the top of the food chain they eat
everything including the rotten carcass of the animals.
Diclofenac the Vulture Killer
It was found that the pain killer Diclofenac given to the
domestic animals was responsible for the almost extinction of the vultures in
India. This reason of the deaths of vultures was detected in the nineties of
the last century. Diclofenac is given to the animals during different
treatments which remained in the bodies of the animals. This led to the slow
deaths of the vultures, when they consumed the dead carcass of such animals.
Does your smartphone suddenly becomes slow or gets heated or its battery gets reduced without any reason. Then there is every possibility that it is being used by the hackers for the mining of cryptocurrency.
This development is a type of cyber-attack which has been named by the experts as CRYPTOJACKING.
Bitcoin Wikimedia Commons by Web-dev-Chris
According to cyber expert Zerom William, in Crypto Jacking, the mining of Crypto Currency is done by installing a malware on the internet server, personal computer or in a smartphone.
Crypto Currency is also known as Virtual Currency.
The mining of Cryptocurrency is a process of stealing the information about the trading or dealings of Cryptocurrency.
The hackers get huge payments to provide such information.
William says that the mining of virtual currencies like Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin,Monero, Z Cash, Digital Note, Ardor, etc., is a profitable business. But this process is very expensive.
Crypto Mining needs large amounts of energy and increases the electricity bill. And the hackers have discovered a cheap option of energy through smartphones.
The researchers of IT Security Company ESET found that the mining of cryptocurrency Monroe was being done through Bug Smasher game. This game has been downloaded by 1.5 Million users through Google Play Store.
Atal Bihari Vajpayee was a star in the horizon of Indian politics. He earned wide acceptability and respect in India due to his personality and deeds. He performed a crucial role in establishing BJP as a political party of mass appeal. It was due to his wide personal appeal, that during the times when BJP was considered an untouchable outfit, several political parties became its allies.
Atal Bihari Vajpayee died on 16th August 2017 at the age of 93 years. He died at 5.05 PM after a prolonged illness at AIIMS Delhi. His condition was critical for the last 36 hours before death. One of his kidneys has stopped functioning.
The Indian Government has declared 7 days national mourn on the death of former PM. During the period the national flags will remain in bending position and no official functions would be organized.
Birth
Atal Bihari Vajpayee was born on 25th December 1924 at Gwalior. His father Krishan Bihari Vajpayee was a teacher.
Education
Atal Bihari completed his graduation at Gwalior at the then Victoria College which has now been renamed as Maharani Luxami Bai College. He was elected the secretary of College Student Association. Thereafter he joined Law at DAV College Kanpur. He then became a journalist at Lucknow.
Political Career
1942- Took part in the Quit India Movement and remained in jail for 24 days.
1951- Became the founder member of Bharatiya Jan Sangh, a political party formed with the help of RSS. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee was the founder President of Jan Sangh.
1955- He contested and lost the first election to Lik Sabha in 1955, but got elected from Balrampur (UP) in 1957 as a Jansangh candidate.
1957- He became the member of Lok Sabha (Lower House) from Balrampur.
1962- Got elected to Rajya Sabha (Upper House) for the first time.
1968- He became the national President of Jan Sangh and the leader of its Parliamentary Board and held the post till 1977.
1975- Arrested during Emergency.
1977 to79- He became the Foreign Minister in Morarji Desai Government from 1977-79. Thereafter he became dissatisfied with the Government and left the Janta Party and formed Bharatiya Janta Party.
1980- He founded the BJP and became its President in 1980. He became instrumental as one of the other reasons which culminated in the collapse of Janta Party Government led by Morarji Desai on the issue of dual membership of Jan Sangh in RSS.
1984- After the assassination of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, the BJP got reduced to just 2 MP’s in Lok Sabha under his leadership.
1986- Became member of Rajya Sabha from Gujarat.
1996- Became Prime Minister for the first time for 13 days and became instrumental to bring BJP to power in 1996 for the first time after its formation in 1980.
1998- Became Prime Minister for the second time after mid-term elections for 13 months.
1999- Resigned from the post of PM after losing no-confidence motion by 1 vote.
1999- After the Kargil war he again became PM for the third time and led the NDA government for next 5 years. NDA was the National Democratic Alliance of 24 regional and national parties having a Jumbo Cabinet with 81 Ministers. In this way, he became the PM of India three times. It was in his third attempt that he became the first non-Congress leader to complete his full term as a Prime Minister.
2004- Resigned from the post of PM after the result of general elections in which NDA was defeated.
2009- Hospitalized and kept on ventilation due to lungs infection. He remained on wheelchair thereafter, till his death.
2014- The Government decided to celebrate his birthday to be celebrated as Good Governance Day.
2015- He was conferred the title of Bharat Ratna by the President of India Pranav Mukherjee. The President visited his house on 27th March 2015 to bestow the title.
2019- He was struggling with several diseases like an infection in kidney pipe, chest congestion, and the infection in the urine pipe. He was hospitalized in AIIMS on 11th June. He was also suffering from dementia.
Association with Nehru
Jawaharlal Nehru once introduced Vajpayee to the British PM, saying, “this is Vajpayee, the rising leader of the opposition, who often criticizes me, but I see great future prospects in him”.
Association with Rajiv Gandhi
In 1988, the Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi came to know about the illness of Vajpayee. Rajiv summoned Vajpayee and said that he is going to include his name in the Indian delegation likely to visit UN. In this way, Rajiv sent the Vajpayee to the US for kidney treatment. It was the humility of Vajpayee that he remained thankful to Rajiv Gandhi for the rest of his life and was used to say that he is alive due to Rajiv Gandhi.
Member of Parliament
He was elected ten times as a member of Lok Sabha (Lower House), twice each from Balrampur and Delhi, once from Gwalior, and at last five times from Lucknow.
He contested parliament elections from Uttar Pradesh, New Delhi, and Madhya Pradesh.
He was also elected twice to Rajya Sabha (Upper House).
Personality
He was a writer, poet and best orator with a deep voice. He was a man of steadfast ideology which was certainly of Hinduism, but a liberal one. He was a person who could take strict decisions.
He was kind and congenial even towards his political opponents. This was the reason for his popularity. He was the face or as per his own version the mask of secularism in Bharatiya Janta Party, which is otherwise having the Hindu Ideology. BJP was and still is controlled by RSS. He remained unmarried throughout his life. He was bold enough in Indian conventional society to declare that he was bachelor and unmarried but not celibate.
Achievements
1. He declared India as a nuclear power after 5 underground nuclear tests from 11th to 13th May 1998. By these nuclear explosions, he successfully made India a global power in the world.
2. The credit goes to him for his efforts to normalize relations with Pakistan. In order to make peace in South East Asia, he initiated a bus service on 19th February 1999, from Delhi to Lahore to inculcate friendly relation with neighboring country Pakistan. But he was betrayed by Pakistan who led the army infiltration in May to July 1999 into Kargil district of Jammu & Kashmir, which resulted into a war between two countries. It was the infiltration of Pakistani soldiers disguised as Kashmiri militants into positions on the Indian side of the LOC.
During Kargil War, Nawaz Sheriff the PM of Pakistan visited the US and told President Bill Clinton, that he fears that the Pak Army may use a nuclear bomb in the ensuing war. Clinton spoke to Bajpayee about it. The reply of Vajpayee left Clinton and Nawaz aghast, wonderstruck and dumb. Vajpayee said that let Pakistan use a nuclear bomb, which may cause some harm to India, but Pakistan will not see the light of another day.
3. To end terrorism and to solve the Kashmir problem he gave a slogan of humanity, governance, and Kashmir- ism.
4. He became instrumental to get international recognition to Hindi in UNO, by delivering his speech in Hindi as a Foreign Minister.
5. He initiated PMGSY, a scheme to connect Indian villages to roads.
Controversies
1. It was during the Kargil War that the Indian Army had surrounded more than 3000 infiltrators, but Vajpayee gave them safe passage despite heavy losses to India. According to common Indians, they did not deserve such mercy and these elements resurfaced again to create terrorism in Jammu & Kashmir.
2. A coffin scandal surfaced in his tenure during Kargil War. The dead bodies of the soldiers were brought to their homes in the coffins, the price of which was unconvincingly more than RS. 10, 00,000 (Ten Lakh). These coffins were to keep the dead body in the frozen state until cremation.
3. Some of the families of soldiers martyred in the Kargil War say that the government only remembers them on Kargil day and they have received no compensation, while money was wasted on coffins.
4. He failed to convince Advani and his other party colleagues not to undertake Rathyatra which culminated in the demolition of Babri Masjid. He rather became a party to it and even provoked Kar Sewaks. (Youtube speech of Vajpayee on December 5, 1992).
5. After the communal riots in Gujarat In 2002, Vajpayee just told the then Chief Minister Narendra Modi to observe "Raj Dharma" or “Rulers Morality”, of having no discrimination on the basis of caste, creed or religion. He did nothing serious under the pressure of RSS.
6. During Kargil War, India lost twice the number of soldiers than Pakistan.
7. The terrorists attacked Parliament during his Prime Ministership. and Vajpayee failed in Operation Paarakaram as planned by the three Army Chiefs to retaliate the Parliament attack. As a retaliatory measure just the Delhi- Lahore bus service was discontinued which remains as such till date.
8. Indian plane was hijacked during his rule. His Cabinet Minister flew to Afghanistan with money and most wanted terrorists as a ransom. It was humiliating for India.
9. During his short jail term of 24 days in Quit India movement in 1942, he became a state witness or approver due to which the people of the entire village were sent to jail. Subhramaniyam Swami, the leader of BJP had said that Vajpayee was a British informer.
